FLUORIDE

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Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that is found in most water sources.  It is considered a beneficial nutrient and is present in trace amounts in the body. At low concentrations in drinking water, it helps strengthen teeth and bones. At concentrations above 2 mg/l (ppm), negative impacts can result.

Chronic (long term) exposure to Fluoride in water above 1 - 2 ppm can result in coloration of the teeth (fluorosis).  At levels above 4 ppm, more severe impacts can result including alteration of bone density resulting in arthritis and tooth damage.

The Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) that has been established by the EPA for Fluoride is 4 ppm. Boiling water with Fluoride will actually increase the concentration. Drinking water systems with source water containing Fluoride in excess of the MCL must treat the water to lower the concentration. 

There are many AREAS OF NEW MEXICO WITH HIGH LEVELS OF FLUORIDE in groundwater.  Surface water is not generally found to have Fluoride in high concentrations.  This is because groundwater picks up Fluoride as it flows through porous rock that contains Fluoride salts.

Fluoridation of drinking water has been and remains controversial in the United States. Some larger water systems add Fluoride (in the form of sodium hexafluorosilicate or hexafluorosilicic acid) to the drinking water to strengthen teeth and reduce decay. Dosage is usually less than 1.2 ppm of Fluoride.

For more information on Fluoride,  view the WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION'S PUBLICATION on Fluoride in drinking water or the Fluoride web page of the CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL.